Research Fellow, Institute for New Economic Thinking, University of Oxford and Bennett Institute for Public Policy, University of Cambridge. Seeking to better understand the economy as a complex system, Penny’s research looks at novel, data-driven ways of analysing economic growth and development,t occupational mobility and the future of work, and the transition to the green economy. Her broader research interests include economic complexity, technological evolution, transformational change, network science, machine learning and agent-based modelling. Penny completed a PhD at the Institute for New Economic Thinking (INET) at Oxford University. She has also worked as a postdoctoral fellow at the Oxford Martin School and the Bennett Institute for Public Policy at the University of Cambridge. Penny is currently a Research Fellow at SoDA Labs, a data-focused social sciences laboratory at Monash University. She is also affiliated with the Smith School of Environment and Enterprise and INET Oxford.